"""html2text: Turn HTML into equivalent Markdown-structured text.""" import html.entities import html.parser import re import urllib.parse as urlparse from textwrap import wrap from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union from . import config from .elements import AnchorElement, ListElement from .typing import OutCallback from .utils import ( dumb_css_parser, element_style, escape_md, escape_md_section, google_fixed_width_font, google_has_height, google_list_style, google_text_emphasis, hn, list_numbering_start, pad_tables_in_text, skipwrap, unifiable_n, ) __version__ = (2020, 1, 16) # TODO: # Support decoded entities with UNIFIABLE. class HTML2Text(html.parser.HTMLParser): def __init__( self, out: Optional[OutCallback] = None, baseurl: str = "", bodywidth: int = config.BODY_WIDTH, ) -> None: """ Input parameters: out: possible custom replacement for self.outtextf (which appends lines of text). baseurl: base URL of the document we process """ super().__init__(convert_charrefs=False) # Config options self.split_next_td = False self.td_count = 0 self.table_start = False self.unicode_snob = config.UNICODE_SNOB # covered in cli self.escape_snob = config.ESCAPE_SNOB # covered in cli self.links_each_paragraph = config.LINKS_EACH_PARAGRAPH self.body_width = bodywidth # covered in cli self.skip_internal_links = config.SKIP_INTERNAL_LINKS # covered in cli self.inline_links = config.INLINE_LINKS # covered in cli self.protect_links = config.PROTECT_LINKS # covered in cli self.google_list_indent = config.GOOGLE_LIST_INDENT # covered in cli self.ignore_links = config.IGNORE_ANCHORS # covered in cli self.ignore_images = config.IGNORE_IMAGES # covered in cli self.images_as_html = config.IMAGES_AS_HTML # covered in cli self.images_to_alt = config.IMAGES_TO_ALT # covered in cli self.images_with_size = config.IMAGES_WITH_SIZE # covered in cli self.ignore_emphasis = config.IGNORE_EMPHASIS # covered in cli self.bypass_tables = config.BYPASS_TABLES # covered in cli self.ignore_tables = config.IGNORE_TABLES # covered in cli self.google_doc = False # covered in cli self.ul_item_mark = "*" # covered in cli self.emphasis_mark = "_" # covered in cli self.strong_mark = "**" self.single_line_break = config.SINGLE_LINE_BREAK # covered in cli self.use_automatic_links = config.USE_AUTOMATIC_LINKS # covered in cli self.hide_strikethrough = False # covered in cli self.mark_code = config.MARK_CODE self.wrap_list_items = config.WRAP_LIST_ITEMS # covered in cli self.wrap_links = config.WRAP_LINKS # covered in cli self.pad_tables = config.PAD_TABLES # covered in cli self.default_image_alt = config.DEFAULT_IMAGE_ALT # covered in cli self.tag_callback = None self.open_quote = config.OPEN_QUOTE # covered in cli self.close_quote = config.CLOSE_QUOTE # covered in cli if out is None: self.out = self.outtextf else: self.out = out # empty list to store output characters before they are "joined" self.outtextlist = [] # type: List[str] self.quiet = 0 self.p_p = 0 # number of newline character to print before next output self.outcount = 0 self.start = True self.space = False self.a = [] # type: List[AnchorElement] self.astack = [] # type: List[Optional[Dict[str, Optional[str]]]] self.maybe_automatic_link = None # type: Optional[str] self.empty_link = False self.absolute_url_matcher = re.compile(r"^[a-zA-Z+]+://") self.acount = 0 self.list = [] # type: List[ListElement] self.blockquote = 0 self.pre = False self.startpre = False self.code = False self.quote = False self.br_toggle = "" self.lastWasNL = False self.lastWasList = False self.style = 0 self.style_def = {} # type: Dict[str, Dict[str, str]] self.tag_stack = ( [] ) # type: List[Tuple[str, Dict[str, Optional[str]], Dict[str, str]]] self.emphasis = 0 self.drop_white_space = 0 self.inheader = False # Current abbreviation definition self.abbr_title = None # type: Optional[str] # Last inner HTML (for abbr being defined) self.abbr_data = None # type: Optional[str] # Stack of abbreviations to write later self.abbr_list = {} # type: Dict[str, str] self.baseurl = baseurl self.stressed = False self.preceding_stressed = False self.preceding_data = "" self.current_tag = "" config.UNIFIABLE["nbsp"] = "&nbsp_place_holder;" def feed(self, data: str) -> None: data = data.replace("</' + 'script>", "</ignore>") super().feed(data) def handle(self, data: str) -> str: self.feed(data) self.feed("") markdown = self.optwrap(self.finish()) if self.pad_tables: return pad_tables_in_text(markdown) else: return markdown def outtextf(self, s: str) -> None: self.outtextlist.append(s) if s: self.lastWasNL = s[-1] == "\n" def finish(self) -> str: self.close() self.pbr() self.o("", force="end") outtext = "".join(self.outtextlist) if self.unicode_snob: nbsp = html.entities.html5["nbsp;"] else: nbsp = " " outtext = outtext.replace("&nbsp_place_holder;", nbsp) # Clear self.outtextlist to avoid memory leak of its content to # the next handling. self.outtextlist = [] return outtext def handle_charref(self, c: str) -> None: self.handle_data(self.charref(c), True) def handle_entityref(self, c: str) -> None: ref = self.entityref(c) # ref may be an empty string (e.g. for &lrm;/&rlm; markers that should # not contribute to the final output). # self.handle_data cannot handle a zero-length string right after a # stressed tag or mid-text within a stressed tag (text get split and # self.stressed/self.preceding_stressed gets switched after the first # part of that text). if ref: self.handle_data(ref, True) def handle_starttag(self, tag: str, attrs: List[Tuple[str, Optional[str]]]) -> None: self.handle_tag(tag, dict(attrs), start=True) def handle_endtag(self, tag: str) -> None: self.handle_tag(tag, {}, start=False) def previousIndex(self, attrs: Dict[str, Optional[str]]) -> Optional[int]: """ :type attrs: dict :returns: The index of certain set of attributes (of a link) in the self.a list. If the set of attributes is not found, returns None :rtype: int """ if "href" not in attrs: return None match = False for i, a in enumerate(self.a): if "href" in a.attrs and a.attrs["href"] == attrs["href"]: if "title" in a.attrs or "title" in attrs: if ( "title" in a.attrs and "title" in attrs and a.attrs["title"] == attrs["title"] ): match = True else: match = True if match: return i return None def handle_emphasis( self, start: bool, tag_style: Dict[str, str], parent_style: Dict[str, str] ) -> None: """ Handles various text emphases """ tag_emphasis = google_text_emphasis(tag_style) parent_emphasis = google_text_emphasis(parent_style) # handle Google's text emphasis strikethrough = "line-through" in tag_emphasis and self.hide_strikethrough # google and others may mark a font's weight as `bold` or `700` bold = False for bold_marker in config.BOLD_TEXT_STYLE_VALUES: bold = bold_marker in tag_emphasis and bold_marker not in parent_emphasis if bold: break italic = "italic" in tag_emphasis and "italic" not in parent_emphasis fixed = ( google_fixed_width_font(tag_style) and not google_fixed_width_font(parent_style) and not self.pre ) if start: # crossed-out text must be handled before other attributes # in order not to output qualifiers unnecessarily if bold or italic or fixed: self.emphasis += 1 if strikethrough: self.quiet += 1 if italic: self.o(self.emphasis_mark) self.drop_white_space += 1 if bold: self.o(self.strong_mark) self.drop_white_space += 1 if fixed: self.o("`") self.drop_white_space += 1 self.code = True else: if bold or italic or fixed: # there must not be whitespace before closing emphasis mark self.emphasis -= 1 self.space = False if fixed: if self.drop_white_space: # empty emphasis, drop it self.drop_white_space -= 1 else: self.o("`") self.code = False if bold: if self.drop_white_space: # empty emphasis, drop it self.drop_white_space -= 1 else: self.o(self.strong_mark) if italic: if self.drop_white_space: # empty emphasis, drop it self.drop_white_space -= 1 else: self.o(self.emphasis_mark) # space is only allowed after *all* emphasis marks if (bold or italic) and not self.emphasis: self.o(" ") if strikethrough: self.quiet -= 1 def handle_tag( self, tag: str, attrs: Dict[str, Optional[str]], start: bool ) -> None: self.current_tag = tag if self.tag_callback is not None: if self.tag_callback(self, tag, attrs, start) is True: return # first thing inside the anchor tag is another tag # that produces some output if ( start and self.maybe_automatic_link is not None and tag not in ["p", "div", "style", "dl", "dt"] and (tag != "img" or self.ignore_images) ): self.o("[") self.maybe_automatic_link = None self.empty_link = False if self.google_doc: # the attrs parameter is empty for a closing tag. in addition, we # need the attributes of the parent nodes in order to get a # complete style description for the current element. we assume # that google docs export well formed html. parent_style = {} # type: Dict[str, str] if start: if self.tag_stack: parent_style = self.tag_stack[-1][2] tag_style = element_style(attrs, self.style_def, parent_style) self.tag_stack.append((tag, attrs, tag_style)) else: dummy, attrs, tag_style = ( self.tag_stack.pop() if self.tag_stack else (None, {}, {}) ) if self.tag_stack: parent_style = self.tag_stack[-1][2] if hn(tag): self.p() if start: self.inheader = True self.o(hn(tag) * "#" + " ") else: self.inheader = False return # prevent redundant emphasis marks on headers if tag in ["p", "div"]: if self.google_doc: if start and google_has_height(tag_style): self.p() else: self.soft_br() elif self.astack and tag == "div": pass else: self.p() if tag == "br" and start: if self.blockquote > 0: self.o(" \n> ") else: self.o(" \n") if tag == "hr" and start: self.p() self.o("* * *") self.p() if tag in ["head", "style", "script"]: if start: self.quiet += 1 else: self.quiet -= 1 if tag == "style": if start: self.style += 1 else: self.style -= 1 if tag in ["body"]: self.quiet = 0 # sites like 9rules.com never close <head> if tag == "blockquote": if start: self.p() self.o("> ", force=True) self.start = True self.blockquote += 1 else: self.blockquote -= 1 self.p() def no_preceding_space(self: HTML2Text) -> bool: return bool( self.preceding_data and re.match(r"[^\s]", self.preceding_data[-1]) ) if tag in ["em", "i", "u"] and not self.ignore_emphasis: if start and no_preceding_space(self): emphasis = " " + self.emphasis_mark else: emphasis = self.emphasis_mark self.o(emphasis) if start: self.stressed = True if tag in ["strong", "b"] and not self.ignore_emphasis: if start and no_preceding_space(self): strong = " " + self.strong_mark else: strong = self.strong_mark self.o(strong) if start: self.stressed = True if tag in ["del", "strike", "s"]: if start and no_preceding_space(self): strike = " ~~" else: strike = "~~" self.o(strike) if start: self.stressed = True if self.google_doc: if not self.inheader: # handle some font attributes, but leave headers clean self.handle_emphasis(start, tag_style, parent_style) if tag in ["kbd", "code", "tt"] and not self.pre: self.o("`") # TODO: `` `this` `` self.code = not self.code if tag == "abbr": if start: self.abbr_title = None self.abbr_data = "" if "title" in attrs: self.abbr_title = attrs["title"] else: if self.abbr_title is not None: assert self.abbr_data is not None self.abbr_list[self.abbr_data] = self.abbr_title self.abbr_title = None self.abbr_data = None if tag == "q": if not self.quote: self.o(self.open_quote) else: self.o(self.close_quote) self.quote = not self.quote def link_url(self: HTML2Text, link: str, title: str = "") -> None: url = urlparse.urljoin(self.baseurl, link) title = ' "{}"'.format(title) if title.strip() else "" self.o("]({url}{title})".format(url=escape_md(url), title=title)) if tag == "a" and not self.ignore_links: if start: if ( "href" in attrs and attrs["href"] is not None and not (self.skip_internal_links and attrs["href"].startswith("#")) ): self.astack.append(attrs) self.maybe_automatic_link = attrs["href"] self.empty_link = True if self.protect_links: attrs["href"] = "<" + attrs["href"] + ">" else: self.astack.append(None) else: if self.astack: a = self.astack.pop() if self.maybe_automatic_link and not self.empty_link: self.maybe_automatic_link = None elif a: assert a["href"] is not None if self.empty_link: self.o("[") self.empty_link = False self.maybe_automatic_link = None if self.inline_links: title = a.get("title") or "" title = escape_md(title) link_url(self, a["href"], title) else: i = self.previousIndex(a) if i is not None: a_props = self.a[i] else: self.acount += 1 a_props = AnchorElement(a, self.acount, self.outcount) self.a.append(a_props) self.o("][" + str(a_props.count) + "]") if tag == "img" and start and not self.ignore_images: if "src" in attrs: assert attrs["src"] is not None if not self.images_to_alt: attrs["href"] = attrs["src"] alt = attrs.get("alt") or self.default_image_alt # If we have images_with_size, write raw html including width, # height, and alt attributes if self.images_as_html or ( self.images_with_size and ("width" in attrs or "height" in attrs) ): self.o("<img src='" + attrs["src"] + "' ") if "width" in attrs: assert attrs["width"] is not None self.o("width='" + attrs["width"] + "' ") if "height" in attrs: assert attrs["height"] is not None self.o("height='" + attrs["height"] + "' ") if alt: self.o("alt='" + alt + "' ") self.o("/>") return # If we have a link to create, output the start if self.maybe_automatic_link is not None: href = self.maybe_automatic_link if ( self.images_to_alt and escape_md(alt) == href and self.absolute_url_matcher.match(href) ): self.o("<" + escape_md(alt) + ">") self.empty_link = False return else: self.o("[") self.maybe_automatic_link = None self.empty_link = False # If we have images_to_alt, we discard the image itself, # considering only the alt text. if self.images_to_alt: self.o(escape_md(alt)) else: self.o("![" + escape_md(alt) + "]") if self.inline_links: href = attrs.get("href") or "" self.o( "(" + escape_md(urlparse.urljoin(self.baseurl, href)) + ")" ) else: i = self.previousIndex(attrs) if i is not None: a_props = self.a[i] else: self.acount += 1 a_props = AnchorElement(attrs, self.acount, self.outcount) self.a.append(a_props) self.o("[" + str(a_props.count) + "]") if tag == "dl" and start: self.p() if tag == "dt" and not start: self.pbr() if tag == "dd" and start: self.o(" ") if tag == "dd" and not start: self.pbr() if tag in ["ol", "ul"]: # Google Docs create sub lists as top level lists if not self.list and not self.lastWasList: self.p() if start: if self.google_doc: list_style = google_list_style(tag_style) else: list_style = tag numbering_start = list_numbering_start(attrs) self.list.append(ListElement(list_style, numbering_start)) else: if self.list: self.list.pop() if not self.google_doc and not self.list: self.o("\n") self.lastWasList = True else: self.lastWasList = False if tag == "li": self.pbr() if start: if self.list: li = self.list[-1] else: li = ListElement("ul", 0) if self.google_doc: nest_count = self.google_nest_count(tag_style) else: nest_count = len(self.list) # TODO: line up <ol><li>s > 9 correctly. self.o(" " * nest_count) if li.name == "ul": self.o(self.ul_item_mark + " ") elif li.name == "ol": li.num += 1 self.o(str(li.num) + ". ") self.start = True if tag in ["table", "tr", "td", "th"]: if self.ignore_tables: if tag == "tr": if start: pass else: self.soft_br() else: pass elif self.bypass_tables: if start: self.soft_br() if tag in ["td", "th"]: if start: self.o("<{}>\n\n".format(tag)) else: self.o("\n</{}>".format(tag)) else: if start: self.o("<{}>".format(tag)) else: self.o("</{}>".format(tag)) else: if tag == "table": if start: self.table_start = True if self.pad_tables: self.o("<" + config.TABLE_MARKER_FOR_PAD + ">") self.o(" \n") else: if self.pad_tables: self.o("</" + config.TABLE_MARKER_FOR_PAD + ">") self.o(" \n") if tag in ["td", "th"] and start: if self.split_next_td: self.o("| ") self.split_next_td = True if tag == "tr" and start: self.td_count = 0 if tag == "tr" and not start: self.split_next_td = False self.soft_br() if tag == "tr" and not start and self.table_start: # Underline table header self.o("|".join(["---"] * self.td_count)) self.soft_br() self.table_start = False if tag in ["td", "th"] and start: self.td_count += 1 if tag == "pre": if start: self.startpre = True self.pre = True else: self.pre = False if self.mark_code: self.out("\n[/code]") self.p() # TODO: Add docstring for these one letter functions def pbr(self) -> None: "Pretty print has a line break" if self.p_p == 0: self.p_p = 1 def p(self) -> None: "Set pretty print to 1 or 2 lines" self.p_p = 1 if self.single_line_break else 2 def soft_br(self) -> None: "Soft breaks" self.pbr() self.br_toggle = " " def o( self, data: str, puredata: bool = False, force: Union[bool, str] = False ) -> None: """ Deal with indentation and whitespace """ if self.abbr_data is not None: self.abbr_data += data if not self.quiet: if self.google_doc: # prevent white space immediately after 'begin emphasis' # marks ('**' and '_') lstripped_data = data.lstrip() if self.drop_white_space and not (self.pre or self.code): data = lstripped_data if lstripped_data != "": self.drop_white_space = 0 if puredata and not self.pre: # This is a very dangerous call ... it could mess up # all handling of &nbsp; when not handled properly # (see entityref) data = re.sub(r"\s+", r" ", data) if data and data[0] == " ": self.space = True data = data[1:] if not data and not force: return if self.startpre: # self.out(" :") #TODO: not output when already one there if not data.startswith("\n") and not data.startswith("\r\n"): # <pre>stuff... data = "\n" + data if self.mark_code: self.out("\n[code]") self.p_p = 0 bq = ">" * self.blockquote if not (force and data and data[0] == ">") and self.blockquote: bq += " " if self.pre: if not self.list: bq += " " # else: list content is already partially indented bq += " " * len(self.list) data = data.replace("\n", "\n" + bq) if self.startpre: self.startpre = False if self.list: # use existing initial indentation data = data.lstrip("\n") if self.start: self.space = False self.p_p = 0 self.start = False if force == "end": # It's the end. self.p_p = 0 self.out("\n") self.space = False if self.p_p: self.out((self.br_toggle + "\n" + bq) * self.p_p) self.space = False self.br_toggle = "" if self.space: if not self.lastWasNL: self.out(" ") self.space = False if self.a and ( (self.p_p == 2 and self.links_each_paragraph) or force == "end" ): if force == "end": self.out("\n") newa = [] for link in self.a: if self.outcount > link.outcount: self.out( " [" + str(link.count) + "]: " + urlparse.urljoin(self.baseurl, link.attrs["href"]) ) if "title" in link.attrs: assert link.attrs["title"] is not None self.out(" (" + link.attrs["title"] + ")") self.out("\n") else: newa.append(link) # Don't need an extra line when nothing was done. if self.a != newa: self.out("\n") self.a = newa if self.abbr_list and force == "end": for abbr, definition in self.abbr_list.items(): self.out(" *[" + abbr + "]: " + definition + "\n") self.p_p = 0 self.out(data) self.outcount += 1 def handle_data(self, data: str, entity_char: bool = False) -> None: if not data: # Data may be empty for some HTML entities. For example, # LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK. return if self.stressed: data = data.strip() self.stressed = False self.preceding_stressed = True elif self.preceding_stressed: if ( re.match(r"[^\s.!?]", data[0]) and not hn(self.current_tag) and self.current_tag not in ["a", "code", "pre"] ): # should match a letter or common punctuation data = " " + data self.preceding_stressed = False if self.style: self.style_def.update(dumb_css_parser(data)) if self.maybe_automatic_link is not None: href = self.maybe_automatic_link if ( href == data and self.absolute_url_matcher.match(href) and self.use_automatic_links ): self.o("<" + data + ">") self.empty_link = False return else: self.o("[") self.maybe_automatic_link = None self.empty_link = False if not self.code and not self.pre and not entity_char: data = escape_md_section(data, snob=self.escape_snob) self.preceding_data = data self.o(data, puredata=True) def charref(self, name: str) -> str: if name[0] in ["x", "X"]: c = int(name[1:], 16) else: c = int(name) if not self.unicode_snob and c in unifiable_n: return unifiable_n[c] else: try: return chr(c) except ValueError: # invalid unicode return "" def entityref(self, c: str) -> str: if not self.unicode_snob and c in config.UNIFIABLE: return config.UNIFIABLE[c] try: ch = html.entities.html5[c + ";"] except KeyError: return "&" + c + ";" return config.UNIFIABLE[c] if c == "nbsp" else ch def google_nest_count(self, style: Dict[str, str]) -> int: """ Calculate the nesting count of google doc lists :type style: dict :rtype: int """ nest_count = 0 if "margin-left" in style: nest_count = int(style["margin-left"][:-2]) // self.google_list_indent return nest_count def optwrap(self, text: str) -> str: """ Wrap all paragraphs in the provided text. :type text: str :rtype: str """ if not self.body_width: return text result = "" newlines = 0 # I cannot think of a better solution for now. # To avoid the non-wrap behaviour for entire paras # because of the presence of a link in it if not self.wrap_links: self.inline_links = False for para in text.split("\n"): if len(para) > 0: if not skipwrap(para, self.wrap_links, self.wrap_list_items): indent = "" if para.startswith(" " + self.ul_item_mark): # list item continuation: add a double indent to the # new lines indent = " " elif para.startswith("> "): # blockquote continuation: add the greater than symbol # to the new lines indent = "> " wrapped = wrap( para, self.body_width, break_long_words=False, subsequent_indent=indent, ) result += "\n".join(wrapped) if para.endswith(" "): result += " \n" newlines = 1 elif indent: result += "\n" newlines = 1 else: result += "\n\n" newlines = 2 else: # Warning for the tempted!!! # Be aware that obvious replacement of this with # line.isspace() # DOES NOT work! Explanations are welcome. if not config.RE_SPACE.match(para): result += para + "\n" newlines = 1 else: if newlines < 2: result += "\n" newlines += 1 return result def html2text(html: str, baseurl: str = "", bodywidth: Optional[int] = None) -> str: if bodywidth is None: bodywidth = config.BODY_WIDTH h = HTML2Text(baseurl=baseurl, bodywidth=bodywidth) return h.handle(html)