git-fsck(1) =========== NAME ---- git-fsck - Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs] [--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [--[no-]dangling] [--[no-]progress] [--connectivity-only] [--[no-]name-objects] [<object>...] DESCRIPTION ----------- Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database. OPTIONS ------- <object>:: An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace. + If no objects are given, 'git fsck' defaults to using the index file, all SHA-1 references in the `refs` namespace, and all reflogs (unless --no-reflogs is given) as heads. --unreachable:: Print out objects that exist but that aren't reachable from any of the reference nodes. --[no-]dangling:: Print objects that exist but that are never 'directly' used (default). `--no-dangling` can be used to omit this information from the output. --root:: Report root nodes. --tags:: Report tags. --cache:: Consider any object recorded in the index also as a head node for an unreachability trace. --no-reflogs:: Do not consider commits that are referenced only by an entry in a reflog to be reachable. This option is meant only to search for commits that used to be in a ref, but now aren't, but are still in that corresponding reflog. --full:: Check not just objects in GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY ($GIT_DIR/objects), but also the ones found in alternate object pools listed in GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES or $GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates, and in packed Git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack and corresponding pack subdirectories in alternate object pools. This is now default; you can turn it off with --no-full. --connectivity-only:: Check only the connectivity of reachable objects, making sure that any objects referenced by a reachable tag, commit, or tree are present. This speeds up the operation by avoiding reading blobs entirely (though it does still check that referenced blobs exist). This will detect corruption in commits and trees, but not do any semantic checks (e.g., for format errors). Corruption in blob objects will not be detected at all. + Unreachable tags, commits, and trees will also be accessed to find the tips of dangling segments of history. Use `--no-dangling` if you don't care about this output and want to speed it up further. --strict:: Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode recorded with g+w bit set, which was created by older versions of Git. Existing repositories, including the Linux kernel, Git itself, and sparse repository have old objects that trigger this check, but it is recommended to check new projects with this flag. --verbose:: Be chatty. --lost-found:: Write dangling objects into .git/lost-found/commit/ or .git/lost-found/other/, depending on type. If the object is a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than its object name. --name-objects:: When displaying names of reachable objects, in addition to the SHA-1 also display a name that describes *how* they are reachable, compatible with linkgit:git-rev-parse[1], e.g. `HEAD@{1234567890}~25^2:src/`. --[no-]progress:: Progress status is reported on the standard error stream by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless --no-progress or --verbose is specified. --progress forces progress status even if the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal. CONFIGURATION ------------- include::includes/cmd-config-section-all.txt[] include::config/fsck.txt[] DISCUSSION ---------- git-fsck tests SHA-1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the `--unreachable` flag it will also print out objects that exist but that aren't reachable from any of the specified head nodes (or the default set, as mentioned above). Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives (i.e., you can just remove them and do an 'rsync' with some other site in the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted). If core.commitGraph is true, the commit-graph file will also be inspected using 'git commit-graph verify'. See linkgit:git-commit-graph[1]. Extracted Diagnostics --------------------- unreachable <type> <object>:: The <type> object <object>, isn't actually referred to directly or indirectly in any of the trees or commits seen. This can mean that there's another root node that you're not specifying or that the tree is corrupt. If you haven't missed a root node then you might as well delete unreachable nodes since they can't be used. missing <type> <object>:: The <type> object <object>, is referred to but isn't present in the database. dangling <type> <object>:: The <type> object <object>, is present in the database but never 'directly' used. A dangling commit could be a root node. hash mismatch <object>:: The database has an object whose hash doesn't match the object database value. This indicates a serious data integrity problem. FSCK MESSAGES ------------- The following lists the types of errors `git fsck` detects and what each error means, with their default severity. The severity of the error, other than those that are marked as "(FATAL)", can be tweaked by setting the corresponding `fsck.<msg-id>` configuration variable. include::fsck-msgids.txt[] Environment Variables --------------------- GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY:: used to specify the object database root (usually $GIT_DIR/objects) GIT_INDEX_FILE:: used to specify the index file of the index GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES:: used to specify additional object database roots (usually unset) GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite